The white "snowflakes" are actually clusters of needle-like cristobalite crystals, a high-temperature polymorph of quartz. Snowflake obsidian is a type of obsidian that has small, white spherulites in it. Snowflake obsidian from Obsidian Cliff, Yellowstone, Wyoming, USA Sheen obsidian is often used to make jewelry and decorative objects. The exact minerals responsible for the sheen can vary, but they often include magnetite, hematite, or other iron-rich minerals. When light enters the glass and interacts with these layers, it is refracted and reflected, producing the mesmerizing play of colors that distinguishes sheen obsidian. The iridescent effect in sheen obsidian is caused by the interaction of light with the parallel layers of minerals or crystals within the glass. These gas bubbles create thin layers that interact with light, giving rise to the captivating sheen or glow that characterizes this variety. What sets sheen obsidian apart is the presence of microscopic gas bubbles trapped within the glass during its rapid cooling process. Sheen obsidian is a type of obsidian that has a metallic sheen. Rainbow obsidian is a very rare and valuable type of obsidian. Unlike pigments that absorb and reflect specific wavelengths of light, structural colors arise from the interaction of light with a material's microstructure. The vibrant colors exhibited by rainbow obsidian are a result of a phenomenon known as structural coloration. ![]() These inclusions can include minerals like magnetite, hematite, and feldspar, among others. As the magma cools and solidifies, these minerals become trapped within the obsidian's structure. The colorful sheen of rainbow obsidian is a result of microscopic mineral inclusions within the glass. Rainbow obsidian is a type of obsidian that has a rainbow-like sheen. Mahogany obsidian is often used to make jewelry and sculptures. These impurities can be introduced to the molten lava during the eruption process, as the magma interacts with mineral-rich rocks and sediments within the Earth's crust. Iron oxide impurities are responsible for the deep hues that set mahogany obsidian apart from other types of obsidian. The rich reddish-brown color of mahogany obsidian is attributed to the presence of iron oxide, commonly known as rust. Oxide impurities, which gives it its characteristic brown or It is formed when felsic lava cools rapidly, but it contains more iron The geology of mahogany obsidian is similar to that of black obsidian. Mahogany obsidian is a type of obsidian that is red or brown in color. Mahogany obsidian from northwestern Wyoming, USA This gives black obsidian its characteristic glassy appearance. This causes the atoms in the lava to solidify into a disordered, non-crystalline structure. Black obsidian is formed when felsic lava cools rapidly with minimal crystal formation. Black obsidian is often used to make jewelry and sharp tools. It is typically jet-black in color, but it can sometimes have a dark gray or brown tint. Some of the most common types of obsidian include: Black obsidianīlack obsidian From Newberry Volcano (central Oregon)īlack obsidian is the most common type of obsidian. There are many different types of obsidian, each with its own unique appearance. Obsidian: Types, Varieties of Obsidian With Photos Intrusive formation of obsidian may occur when felsic lava cools along the edges of a dike. ![]() Extrusive formation of obsidian may occur when felsic lava cools rapidly at the edges of a felsic lava flow or volcanic dome, or when lava cools during sudden contact with water or air. ![]() Obsidian is formed from quickly cooled lava, which is the parent material. ![]() Other types with dark bands or mottling in gray, green, or yellow are also known. Though obsidian is typically jet-black in color, the presence of hematite (iron oxide) produces red and brown varieties, and the inclusion of tiny gas bubbles may create a golden sheen. Obsidian has a glassy lustre and is slightly harder than window glass. Obsidian is extremely rich in silica (about 65 to 80 percent), is low in water, and has a chemical composition similar to rhyolite. Obsidian is a naturally occurring volcanic glass formed when lava extruded from a volcano cools rapidly with minimal crystal growth. Obsidian can be found in a variety of colors, including black, brown, red, and green.
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